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Consonants In malayalam
In articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract. Examples are [p], pronounced with the lips; [t], pronounced with the front of the tongue; [k], pronounced with the back of the tongue; [h], pronounced in the throat; [f] and [s], pronounced by forcing air through a narrow channel (fricatives); and [m] and [n], which have air flowing through the nose (nasals).
Unlike English, Malayalam has separate set of Consonants defined. There are thirty six (36) consonants (commonly used) in Malayalam with slight but clear difference in its pronunciation. We have tried to give most accurate definition of sound with both phonetics and English Words.
Note: The words given with each letter is just for displaying how it looks inside some words, or start with. You are not expected to learn them till you complete learning other letters/characters
| അക്ഷരം (Letter) | ശബ്ദം (Sound) | Phonetic Equivalent | Explanation by Save-Malayalam | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ക | KA | /kʌ/ | ക is read like 'CU' in Cut | കട, കഥ, കല |
| ഖ | KHA | /kʰɑ/ | ഖ is read like 'KHA' in Khan | ഖരം, ഖഗം, ഖജനാവ് |
| ഗ | GA | /ˈgæ/ or /geɪ/ | ഗ is read like 'GA' in Gallery or Game | ഗാനം, ഗജം, ഗഗനം |
| ഘ | GHA | /'gʰʌ/ | ഘ is read like 'GH' in Ghana | ഘനം, ഘടികാരം,ഘടന |
| ങ | NGA | /ŋʌ/ | ങ is similer to 'ng' in Sing | ങൻ, ങം |
| ച | CA = = cha | /ˈtʃæ/ | ച is read like 'Cha' in Challenge | ചവണ, ചണം, ചതുര |
| ഛ | CHA = = chha | /ˈtʃʰæ/ | ഛത്ര, ഛഗം, ഛത്രം | |
| ജ | JA | /ˈdʒʌ/ | ജ is read like 'Ja' in Jackal | ജട, ജയം, ജലം |
| ഝ | JHA | /ˈdʒʰʌ/ | ഝടിതി, ഝട, ഝരാ | |
| ഞ | NYA = = nha | /ai/ | ഞായർ,ഞവര, ഞാറ | |
| ട | TTA = = ta | /tʌ/ | ട is read like 'ta' in Tub | ടംഗം |
| ഠ | TTHA = = tta | /tʰʌ/ | ഠാണാവ്, ഠം | |
| ഡ | DDA = = hard da | /ˈdʌ/ | ഡ is read like 'DOU' in Double | ഡപ്പി, ഡമരം, ഡംഭ് |
| ഢ | DDHA = = hard dda | /ˈdʰʌ/ | ഢമാൻ, ഢാലം, ഢുഢ | |
| ണ | NNA = = hard na | /nʌ/ | ണ is similar to 'na' in consonants | ണം,ണൻ |
| ത | TA = = tha | /thʌ/ | ത is like 'TH' in Thin, Thick etc... | തകിട്, തകരം, തട |
| ഥ | THA = = ttha | /thʰʌ/ | ഥൻ, ഥം, കഥ | |
| ദ | DA = = soft da | /ðʌ/ | ദ is like 'Th' in This, That etc... | ദയ, ദശ, ദളം |
| ധ | DHA = = soft dda | /ðʰʌ/ | ധനം, ധര, ധവം | |
| ന | NA | /'nʌ/ | ന is like 'Nu' in Nut | നക, നകുടം, നഖം |
| പ | PA | /pʌ/ | പ is like 'Pu' in Puff | പകട, പകരം, പടി |
| ഫ | PHA | /'pʌ/ | ഫ is like 'Fu' in Function | ഫലം, ഫണം, ഫലനം |
| ബ | BA | /bʌ/ | ബ is like 'BZ' in Bucket | ബലം,ബകം, ബധിര |
| ഭ | BHA | /bʰʌ/ | ഭാരതം,ഭയം, ഭവനം | |
| മ | MA | /mʌ/ | മ is like 'Mu' in Mummy | മയം, മനം, മകരം |
| യ | YA | /yʌ/ | യ is like 'Yu' in Yummy | യവം, യാഗം, യഥാ |
| ര | RA | /rʌ/ | രംഗം, രണം, രഥം | |
| ല | LA | /lʌ/ | ല is like 'Lo' in Love | ലാഭം, ലഘു, ലത |
| വ | VA | /vʌ/ | വ is like 'Vu' in Vulture | വക, വട, വല |
| ശ | SHA = = soft sha | /ɕ/ | ശകം, ശതം, ശരം | |
| ഷ | SSA = = sha | /ˈʃʌ/ | ഷ is like 'Sho' in Shovel | ഷഡ്പദം, ഷഡ്ജം, ഷഷ്ടി |
| സ | SA | /sʌ/ | സ is like 'Su' in Sub | സകല, സഖി, സമം |
| ഹ | HA | /hʌ/ | ഹ is like 'Hu' in Hut | ഹനു, ഹരി, ഹരണം |
| ള | LLA | /lə/ | ള is like 'LO' in Color/Colour | ളത്വം, ളൻ |
| ഴ | LLLA | /ɻ/ | ||
| റ | RRA | /rʌ/ | റ is like 'Ru' in Run | റവ, റാണി |
As you may be aware, studying Malayalam is not easy, but not difficult. I may rate Malayalam at an average difficulty to learn/study. But some consonants and vowels are really tongue twisters. But once you learn it, you can handle easly.
